Affect of All Using Solar Battery and Inverters in UP

 Use of Solar Power Battery and Inverter in Uttar Pradesh

Due to power crisis that is going on and is one of the biggest problems in these times we now need to use green and clean solar energy. Due to this situation people are using solar plants and we need to use inverter and battery to invert the solar energy into electrical and to store the energy thus generated.There are many companies who have sprung up and almost all big industrialists are resorting to solar power equipment and installation work. We can see the increase in the use of solar battery and inverter in Lucknow, Kanpur, Unnao, Prayagraj, Gorakhpur, Noida, Ghaziabad, Saharanpur, Bareily and so on.

 

If everyone installs solar panels in UP, what economic impact will it have?

Before we start, we should realize that installing solar panels on the roof of everyone in Uttar Pradesh and also the world is not the most cost-effective method of energy production. It costs a lot to climb all these panels completely up the ladder, and residential roofs are usually not the best location. It is much more efficient to design and install solar farms on the right utility scale.

However, suppose you attach all these panels to the roof. All right. We can solve this problem.

 

 

Now, there are 2 ways to explain this problem:

1. If everyone installs solar panels on their roofs, and everyone involved in power generation and distribution is forced to undergo a thorough frontal lobe resection, what impact will it have on the economy?

 

2. If everyone installs solar panels on the roof and allows at least some people involved in power generation and distribution to retain part of their brains, what impact will it have on the economy?

 

The answer to the first question (as others have already answered) is that there will be a large amount of cheap or zero-cost electricity surplus throughout the day, followed by a shortage of electricity when the sun goes down. Therefore, the plateau in the middle of the image below will be preserved, but the peak on the right will not be preserved (at least the highest peak in winter will not).

 

Since everyone has undergone a complete anterior lobe resection, they cannot consider this situation and have to keep almost all traditional fossil fuel capacity online to serve this peak period (you can use less at night) One point, because power consumption is generally low at this time). 

The market will continue to work, so the grid will pay very little for a cheap oversupply during the day, and a lot of fossil suppliers whose demand almost exceeds supply at night.

Now, even in this case, the carbon footprint of electricity will drop significantly, because the additional fossil energy production capacity will be idle most of the time. Even for people who have undergone leukotomy, it is clear that it is worth burning fossil fuel for a few hours a day. But we will face a costly and inefficient power generation mix, and a large amount of overcapacity will take a lot of time.

But let us now consider the second case, where we skip at least part of the brain surgery.

 

In this case, there is a lot of cheap electricity during the day, but this drops at night, just like the peak at night rises. If our grid planners have the ability to represent and have reasonable ideas, they may consider the huge arbitrage opportunities that have just been opened.

In other words, if there is a way to store these cheap electrical energy for several hours, then the electrical energy can be released at the peak of the evening, and then slowly released at night.

Considering any kind of normally functioning electricity market, there will be a strong economic incentive to do so, in the form of a grid, ready to pay a large sum of money for the electricity delivered in the evening.

 

So, does this kind of power storage technology exist? Yes, there are many. But now, most of them are very expensive. The following is a comparison between the main competitors and their applications, and provides a reasonable method to study storage costs.

Assuming there are no subsidies, the key question is whether this storage capacity can be cheaper than the fossil "peak" electricity reserved to serve peak hours in our first case.

 

Given that the cheapest gas storage tanks (gas peak furnaces) have a power supply price of US$165-220 per MWh, there are currently only two types of storage tanks that are clearly winners: compressed air and pumped storage.

 

 

If feasible, these two methods are good solutions, but it depends largely on the local landscape and geology. Pumped water requires mountains and reservoirs, while compressed air requires underground caves, just like those extracted from salt. So, it depends on which country you are in. 

If you are in Norway, you have done it: convert your hydropower capacity, allow pumping, build a little more, and you can shift your daytime peaks. If you are in a place with a lot of salt caves and just need to be pumped full of compressed air, go for it and you are done.

But suppose you don’t have one in an unfortunate place, or at least don’t have enough capacity to cover the peak that night.

What happens now will depend on some of the following factors:

 

1. What is your remaining energy combination? How does it serve the peak night?

 

2. What are your low-carbon goals, and are you ready to subsidize them to achieve these goals?

 

3. Do you connect the remote grid interconnector to an area with significantly different sunshine hours or large storage capacity?

 

4. Are you ready to ask people to change their consumption habits (for example, on a daily basis)?

 

5. What year are we now?

 

Based on the answers to the first four questions, you will come up with different combinations of solutions, which may involve certain transmissions from other areas, certain peak generation, certain peak flattening, and various other subsidized or unsubsidized Storage method.

 

But the last one is crucial. Are we talking today? Or are we going to talk about five years? (After all, we must give everyone enough time to install panels on their roofs, right?)

 

This is important because the cost of battery technology is falling rapidly, which will quickly obsolete the numbers in the above table.

 

Other technologies may be likely to reduce costs over time, but the battery has been declining year after year. We can regard it as the "learning curve" of classic technologies, that is, every time the capacity is doubled, the price will fall. Each unit will decline regularly, almost like the law.

 

 

Especially for lithium-ion batteries, its operating mode seems to comply with a 22% learning coefficient (double the capacity and reduce the unit price by about 22%). In the past few years, this has led to such price changes (note: the numbers on the vertical axis of this chart should not be compared with the numbers on the last chart, they measure very different things). The percentage of decline is the most important:

Source: McKinsey

 

Other battery technologies may decline faster (Lazard believes that lead-acid may decline the fastest). However, for the sake of simplicity, let us stick to lithium batteries, and then think about the implications of this price fluctuation.

 

This means that in just a few years (assuming 5 years, to be more generous), this storage will be able to shift the peak period of solar power generation (noon) to night and night in a cost-effective manner. That requires a lot of batteries. But as long as this experience curve continues, we don't see why it won't happen-it can serve capacity and it will be the cheapest option.

 Regarding whether these batteries should be placed at home (the so-called "behind the meter") or planned according to the practical scale of the grid, these debates can be left for later discussion. They depend on the type of network you wish to have, and therefore also on you. Set the incentive mechanism.

 

 

All in all-what if you let everyone install rooftop solar?

1. Solar energy is the right way, but please do not paste it all on the roof; this is not the most economical and effective method, please look at the utility-scale solar farm. Even in 2016, and subsidies were eliminated, they are generally cheaper than fossils.

 

2. If you do this, there will be a lot of cheap electricity during the day, there will be a large supply of demand during peak hours at night, and the capacity at night will increase. There are multiple ways to achieve this, depending on your goals and geographic location, but the most priced solution is likely to require maintaining the peak capacity of a large number of fossils.

 

3. This situation is temporary. If you do install rooftop solar everywhere, the motivation to build cost-effective storage will even accelerate the price plummet of current storage technology-this peak capacity may only be replaced for a few years.

 

 

Subsidies can change all of this, but if there are no subsidies, this will happen. Market power. Market power and time.

 

 

The National Development and Reform Commission has in-depth discussions on the hydrogen energy industry. What is the potential of another track for new energy?

 

Award-winning author of the Kunpeng Project, official Wall Street account, high-quality creator in the financial field

Recently, the High Technology Department of the National Development and Reform Commission organized a series of symposiums, focusing on the entire industrial chain of hydrogen energy production, storage, transportation, refueling, and terminal utilization. 

Analyze and judge the development situation of the industry, and discuss in depth issues such as the rational layout of the hydrogen energy industry, the orderly promotion of diversified demonstration applications, the construction of a clean and low-carbon supply system, and the formulation and improvement of basic industry standards.

 

Critical Secondary Energy

CITIC Construction Investment believes that under the net zero emission scenario, the energy structure will inevitably face the adjustment of "renewable energy supply and direct/indirect electrification of consumption". Hydrogen energy is expected to become a key secondary energy source in this process.

The annual scale of hydrogen will increase from the current approximately 25 million tons to nearly 100 million tons in 2050. If the reduction in energy intensity is limited, the scale of hydrogen may be even higher.

 

Hydrogen energy has a wide range of applications

In the fuel sector, hydrogen energy has high energy density and is an economic choice for emission reduction in large-scale transportation scenarios. 

From the perspective of the entire upstream and downstream life cycle from vehicle production to use, hydrogen (green hydrogen) battery electric vehicles emit only 60-70 grams of carbon dioxide per kilometer, which is the lowest-emission vehicle solution.

 

In terms of electricity, hydrogen energy, as a multifunctional carrier, can realize the integration of the renewable energy system, not only for clean power generation, but also to balance fluctuations between electricity demand and renewable energy. 

During periods of insufficient renewable energy capacity or peak demand, hydrogen becomes a source of clean energy and plays a decarbonizing role in power generation.

 

In terms of heating, hydrogen can be mixed with natural gas, and it will be one of the few low-carbon energy solutions that can compete with natural gas in the future. 

By mixing with natural gas (<20%), with the help of gas turbine or fuel cell-based cogeneration (CHP) technology, it provides flexible and continuous thermal energy and electricity, which is expected to replace fossil fuel CHP. 

A low percentage of hydrogen can be safely mixed into the existing natural gas network without major infrastructure or equipment adjustments.

In the field of raw materials, hydrogen as an industrial raw material is nothing new. In order to better achieve emission reduction targets, economical and efficient use of green hydrogen has become the direction of the next step.

 

The Hydrogen Council predicts that the use of hydrogen as a raw material will increase to 75 million tons by 2030, 140 million tons by 2050, and 360 million tons of carbon dioxide will be recovered and converted into 260 million tons of products.

 

China's hydrogen cars are expected to exceed 100,000 in 2025

At present, many provinces across the country have proposed development goals for the hydrogen energy industry. Among them, Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, Shandong and other provinces and cities have issued specific policies or plans related to hydrogen energy to clarify the development goals of the hydrogen energy industry.

 

According to the statistics on the fuel cell vehicle sales plan and target proposed by various provinces by Guolian Securities, the total annual domestic sales of fuel cell vehicles will exceed 100,000 by 2025, and the number of hydrogen refueling stations will exceed 100. By then, the overall hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will reach 100,000. The industry will gradually shift from subsidy-driven to market-driven.

                                                  

In the specific application path, the current plan is to give priority to the development of commercial vehicles, and to achieve a differentiated scenario layout with pure electricity.

 

In October 2020, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Society of Automotive Engineering issued the "Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap 2.0". 

The roadmap clarified the promotion and application path of fuel cell vehicles, and proposed that fuel cell vehicles should be entered into areas of passenger cars and urban logistics vehicles. 

Focusing on the promotion of medium and large passenger cars and logistics vehicles in areas rich in hydrogen production from renewable energy and industrial by-product hydrogen, and gradually extended to medium and heavy trucks, tractors, port trailers and passenger vehicles with large capacity and long distances to achieve hydrogen a wider range of applications for fuel cell vehicles.

 

Guolian Securities said that in terms of technical characteristics, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are also more suitable for priority breakthroughs in the direction of heavy trucks. In 2030, the life cycle cost of hydrogen fuel cell heavy trucks can be parity with diesel heavy trucks.

 

At the current stage, due to the fact that some key fuel cell components are still dependent on imports and the scale is small, in addition to the lack of upstream hydrogen energy supply and the lack of scale, the vehicle purchase cost and energy use cost of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are high, and the economic advantages have not yet appeared. .

 

From the perspective of consumers, when purchasing and using hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the balance point between its TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) and the cost of competing products is the market penetration of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in various segments. An important turning point for the rate increase.

 

Guolian Securities predicts that 2020-2025 will be the initial stage of development. The hydrogen vehicle market will be mainly driven by policies, and the direction will focus on the development of medium and heavy trucks. By 2025, the annual sales of hydrogen fuel commercial vehicles are expected to reach the level of 10,000. At the scale of tens of billions

 

From 2025 to 2030, with the increasing popularization of infrastructure, technological innovation and cost reduction, the industry will enter a period of accelerated development. 

By 2030, the annual sales scale is expected to reach the level of 100,000 vehicles, and the market space is expected to reach nearly 100 billion.

 

Conclusion 

From the situation that we studied above we can see that the situation of using solar energy panels batteries and inverters in Uttar Pradesh is very bright. People will increasingly use it for cost saving on electricity and efficiency and to avoid power-cuts, and lead a happy life.

 

 

Reference:

                             

1. WJ Encyclopedia

 

2. Astronomical terms

 

3. Stuart-quora